Cardiovascular disease is a term used for conditions primarily caused by the narrowing of arteries by atheroma (fatty deposits collecting on the walls of the arteries).

The term 'coronary heart disease' is used for conditions caused by atheroma of the arteries supplying the heart.  This narrowing of the heart arteries often causes chest pain or angina and can lead to a heart attack.  This form of heart disease is common in the UK in people over 50.

A stroke means a part of the brain is suddenly damaged when the blood supply has been cut off. The common cause of a stroke is due to a blood clot (thrombus) blocking an artery to the brain. The blood clot usually forms over atheroma.  A 'transient ischaemic attack' is the term used when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted for a very brief time.

Peripheral vascular disease is caused by the narrowing of arteries (other than arteries in the heart or brain) due to atheroma.  The arteries that take blood to the legs are the most commonly affected.

Prevention

At Marple Cottage Surgery we want to help prevent patients developing cardiovascular disease.  We call patients for screening to check their risk factors, eg blood pressure, cholesterol.  See cardiovascular disease screening.

Care of people with cardiovascular disease

Many adults are affected by heart disease, stroke or peripheral vascular disease.  Some have symptoms such as chest pain (angina) or breathlessness, but also many people are able to lead full and active lives.  The aim of the care we provide is to minimise the risks of their condition becoming worse. 

Patients are called for a review at least once a year when a blood test to measure lipids (cholesterol levels), blood pressure and tests for other conditions, eg diabetes, are taken.  A full review of the patient’s condition and modifiable risk factors is carried out, including a review of the prescribed medication.  Follow up investigations will be made if necessary. 

It is important to attend for your review when it is due and to let the doctor or nurse know if you are having new symptoms or problems with your medication.